Bambanci tsakanin nickel-metal hydride, nickel-cadmium baturi da lithium baturi.

NiMH baturi

Batirin nickel-metal hydride sun ƙunshi ions hydrogen da nickel na ƙarfe.Suna da ƙarin ajiyar wuta 30% fiye da batir nickel-cadmium, sun fi ƙarfin batir nickel-cadmium, kuma suna da tsawon rayuwar sabis.Suna da alaƙa da muhalli kuma ba su da tasirin ƙwaƙwalwa.Rashin lahani na batir hydride nickel-metal shine cewa farashin batirin nickel-cadmium ya fi tsada sosai, kuma aikin ya fi na batir lithium muni.

Batirin Lithium ion

Baturi mai yawan kuzari da aka yi da shibaturi lithium-ion. Batirin lithium-ionwani nau'i ne kumabaturi mai kaifin baki, yana iya yin aiki tare da caja na asali na musamman don cimma mafi ƙarancin lokacin caji, mafi tsayin zagayowar rayuwa da mafi girman iya aiki.Batirin lithium-iona halin yanzu shine mafi kyawun baturi.Idan aka kwatanta da baturan nickel-cadmium da baturan nickel-hydrogen masu girman iri ɗaya, yana da mafi girman ajiyar wuta, mafi ƙarancin nauyi, mafi tsayi, mafi ƙarancin lokacin caji, kuma babu tasirin ƙwaƙwalwa.

Akwai manyan nau'ikan batura masu caji guda biyu: batirin gubar-acid da baturan alkaline.Nickel-cadmium (NiCd), nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) da kuma batirin lithium-ion (Li-Ion) da ake amfani da su a halin yanzu duk baturan alkaline ne.

NiMH baturi tabbatacce farantin abu ne NiOOH, korau farantin abu ne hydrogen-share gami.Electrolyte yawanci shine 30% KOH ruwa mai ruwa, kuma ana ƙara ƙaramin adadin NiOH.An yi diaphragm ne da yadudduka maras saƙa ko nailan da ba saƙa.Akwai nau'ikan batura NiMH iri biyu: Silindrical da murabba'i.

Batura NiMH suna da kyawawan halayen fitarwa mai ƙarancin zafi.Ko da a yanayin zafi na -20 ° C, ta yin amfani da babban halin yanzu (a adadin fitarwa na 1C) don fitarwa, wutar da aka fitar na iya kaiwa fiye da 85% na ƙarfin ƙima.Koyaya, lokacin da batir NiMH suke a babban zafin jiki (sama + 40 ° C), ƙarfin ajiya zai ragu da 5-10%.Asarar ƙarfin da aka haifar ta hanyar fitar da kai (mafi girman zafin jiki, mafi girman adadin fitar da kai) yana canzawa, kuma za'a iya mayar da matsakaicin ƙarfin zuwa ƴan zagayowar caji.Buɗewar wutar lantarki na batirin NiMH shine 1.2V, wanda yayi daidai da baturin NiCd.

Tsarin caji na batir NiCd/NiMH yayi kama da juna, yana buƙatar caji akai-akai.Bambanci tsakanin su biyun yana cikin hanyar gano ƙarshen caji mai sauri don hana baturi yin caji.Caja yana yin caji akai-akai akan baturin, kuma a lokaci guda yana gano ƙarfin baturi da sauran sigogi.Lokacin da ƙarfin baturi ya tashi a hankali kuma ya kai darajar kololuwa, saurin cajin baturin NiMH ya ƙare, yayin da baturin NiCd, cajin sauri yana ƙare lokacin da ƙarfin baturi ya ragu da -△V a karon farko.Don guje wa lalacewa ga baturi, ba za a iya fara caji da sauri ba lokacin da zafin baturin ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa.Lokacin da zazzabin baturi Tmin ya yi ƙasa da 10°C, yanayin cajin dabara ya kamata a canza zuwa.Da zarar zafin baturi ya kai ƙayyadadden ƙima, dole ne a dakatar da caji nan take.

Nickel-cadmium baturi

Abu mai aiki akan tabbataccen farantin nickel-cadmium baturi NiCd baturi ya ƙunshi nickel oxide foda da graphite foda.Graphite baya shiga cikin halayen sinadarai, kuma babban aikinsa shine haɓaka haɓaka aiki.Abubuwan da ke aiki akan farantin mara kyau sun hada da cadmium oxide foda da foda oxide.Ayyukan baƙin ƙarfe oxide foda shine don sa cadmium oxide foda ya sami mafi girma diffusibility, hana agglomeration, da kuma ƙara ƙarfin farantin lantarki.Abubuwan da ke aiki suna nannade su a cikin raƙuman ƙarfe na ƙarfe, waɗanda suka zama faranti masu inganci da korau na baturi bayan an ƙirƙira su.An raba faranti na igiya ta hanyar alkali mai jure wuyan robar insulating sanduna ko kuma allunan corrugated polyvinyl chloride.A electrolyte yawanci potassium hydroxide bayani.Idan aka kwatanta da sauran batura, adadin fitar da kai na batir NiCd (wato, adadin da baturin ke rasa caji lokacin da ba a amfani da shi) yana da matsakaici.Lokacin amfani da batirin NiCd, idan ba a cika cika ba, za a yi caji, kuma a lokacin da za a sake fitar da su, ba za su iya sauke dukkan ƙarfinsu ba.Misali, idan kashi 80% na baturin ya fita sannan kuma ya cika cikakke, baturin zai iya fitar da kashi 80% na baturin kawai.Wannan shine abin da ake kira tasirin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.Tabbas, da yawa cikakkun zagayowar fitarwa/zazzagewar caji zasu mayar da baturin NiCd zuwa aiki na yau da kullun.Saboda tasirin žwažwalwar ajiya na batir NiCd, idan ba a cire su gaba ɗaya ba, kowane baturi ya kamata a fitar da shi ƙasa da 1V kafin a yi caji.