Farkon 2022: yawan karuwar fiye da 15%, karuwar farashinbaturan wutaya bazu cikin dukkan sarkar masana'antu

Takaitawa

Shugabannin gudanarwa da dama nabaturi mai ƙarfiKamfanonin sun ce farashin batir mai wuta ya tashi sama da kashi 15%, wasu kwastomomi sun karu da kashi 20% -30%.

A farkon 2022, jin daɗin farashin yana ƙaruwa a cikin dukkan sassan masana'antu nabaturan wutaya bazu, kuma ana jin karin farashin daya bayan daya.

Dangane da aikin tasha, farashin sabbin motocin makamashi ya karu tare.A ko da yaushe farashin sabbin motocin makamashi na da karfi, kuma daga karshe ya karya garkuwar, inda ya haifar da wani gagarumin karin farashin, daga dubunnan yuan zuwa dubun dubatan yuan.

Tun a zagayen farko na farashin da aka yi a karshen shekarar da ta gabata, sabuwar kasuwar motocin makamashi ta yi tashin gwauron zabi a zagaye na biyu.Dangane da kididdigar da ba ta cika ba, kusan kamfanonin motoci 20 sun ba da sanarwar haɓaka farashin sabbin samfuran makamashin su, gami da Tesla, BYD, Xiaopeng, SAIC Roewe, Volkswagen, da dai sauransu, waɗanda ke rufe masu zaman kansu, tallafin ƙasashen waje, haɗin gwiwa da sabbin sojoji, gami da da yawa kamar da yawa model.goma.

Misali, BYD ya sanar a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu cewa zai daidaita farashin jagorar sa na hukumasabon makamashisamfurori masu alaƙa da Daularsa da Tekunsa.i, Yuan Pro, Han EV/DM, Tang DM-i, 2021 Tang DM, Dolphin da sauran nau'ikan sayar da zafi, karuwar ya kai yuan 1,000-7,000.

Babban abubuwan da ke haifar da hauhawar farashin kayayyaki a sabuwar kasuwar motocin makamashi su ne: na farko, tallafin ya ragu da kashi 30%, tare da rage yuan 5,400 na kekuna sama da kilomita 400 da suka dace;na biyu, rashin cibiyoyi da tsadar kayan masarufi sun haifar da tsadar kayayyaki;na uku, , farashinbaturi mai ƙarfiana watsawa, kuma babban masana'antar injin ana tilastawa daidaita farashin, kuma a ƙarshe ba shi da wani zaɓi face watsa matsin farashi zuwa kasuwa na ƙarshe.

Farashinbaturan wutagabaɗaya ya tashi da fiye da 15%.Yawanbaturi mai ƙarfiShugabannin kamfanin sun gaya wa Gaogong Lithium cewa farashinbaturan wutaGabaɗaya ya karu da fiye da 15%, kuma wasu abokan ciniki sun karu da 20% -30%.

"Ba zai iya dawwama ba idan bai tashi ba" ya zama mafi rashin taimako amma kuma mafi kyawun muryar kamfanonin batir.

Tun daga 2021, gabaɗayan sarkar sabbin masana'antar makamashi ta cikin gida tana cikin yanayin samar da ma'aunin buƙatu, da farashin manyan kayayyaki.baturi lithiumkayan sun ci gaba da hauhawa, lamarin da ya sa farashin batura ya tashi sosai.

A shekarar da ta gabata, kamfanonin batir sun ɗauki kuma sun narkar da mafi yawan matsi na sama akan farashin albarkatun ƙasa.A cikin 2022, ƙarancin albarkatun ƙasa da hauhawar farashin ba kawai ba za a kashe su ba, amma za su ƙara ƙaruwa.Matsakaicin farashin kamfanonin batir yana da yawa, kuma ba shi da ƙarfi don watsa shi ƙasa zuwa kamfanonin mota.

“Ba zai yi aiki ba idan bai tashi ba.A cikin 2022, farashi nabaturan wutazai karu da akalla kashi 50% idan aka kwatanta da bara."Ma’aikacin da ke kula da wani kamfanin batir ya fadi a fili cewa an dade ana amfani da kayan da ake tarawa, kuma farashin kayan yana ci gaba da hauhawa.Yin la'akari da kudaden don fadada iya aiki, matsin lamba akan kamfanonin batir yana da girma sosai.yana da girma sosai.

Zanga-zangar a cikin albarkatun kasa "mahaukaci ne".A cikin 2022, farashin manyan abubuwa guda huɗu, nickel / cobalt / lithium / jan ƙarfe / aluminum, lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate, lithium hexafluorophosphate, PVDF, VC, da dai sauransu za su tashi gaba ɗaya, kuma wasu kayan taimako sun tashi sau da yawa idan aka kwatanta da su. farkon shekara, yana nuna alamar "tsalle" .

Ɗaukar lithium carbonate, wanda shine mafi yawan aiki wajen haɓaka farashin, a matsayin misali, matsakaicin farashin lithium carbonate na baturi a ranar Sabuwar Shekara ta 2022 ya kai yuan 300,000 / ton, karuwar 454% daga matsakaicin farashin yuan 55,000. /ton a farkon shekarar bara.Sabbin labarai, ya zuwa yanzu, jimlar adadin lithium carbonate na baturi ya kai 420,000-465,000 yuan / ton, kuma kasuwa ta ba da rahoton cewa "abokan ciniki da suka zo siyan lithium carbonate ba sa tambayar farashi, za su samu. lokacin da suke da kaya”, wanda ke nuna adadin ƙarancin wadata da buƙata.

Bayanan masana'antu sun nuna cewa, ga motocin lantarki masu tsafta, lokacin da farashin lithium carbonate ya tashi zuwa yuan 300,000 / ton, farashin kowace motar lantarki za ta tashi da kusan yuan 8,000;lokacin da farashin lithium carbonate ya tashi zuwa yuan 400,000 / ton, farashin motar lantarki ya tashi da kusan yuan 11,000.

Bisa ga wannan, yanke hukunci na bai ɗaya a cikin masana'antar shine cewa farashin albarkatun kasa ya ci gaba da hauhawa, yana haifar da tsadar kayayyaki.baturan wutadon haɓaka fiye da matsakaicin matsakaicin nauyin kamfanonin baturi, kuma farashin farashi yana da yawa.

A gaskiya ma, saboda karuwar farashin albarkatun kasa, farashin ka'idar sel dabaturiTsarin ya karu da fiye da 30% a baya fiye da 2021Q3, har ma da la'akari da tasirin haɗin gwiwa na dogon lokaci, ikon yin ciniki, ƙarar sayayya, lokacin asusun, da dai sauransu akan ainihin farashin sayan, da kuma Abubuwan da suka hada da samfurin baturi, yawan amfanin ƙasa. , da kuma yawan ƙungiyoyin haɓakawa zuwa shinge ga hauhawar matsin lamba na wasu farashin kayan, da farashin hauhawar farashin albarkatun ƙasa da aka watsa zuwa gabaturi mai ƙarfigefe kuma yana ƙaruwa da kusan 20% -25%.

Koyaya, tun daga 2022, albarkatun ƙasa sun ci gaba da haɓakawa, kuma farashin albarkatun ƙasa a ƙarshen tantanin halitta gabaɗaya ya karu da fiye da 50% idan aka kwatanta da bara, wanda ma ya fi baƙin ciki ga yawancin kamfanonin batir waɗanda ke kan gaba. na riba a 2021. "Showdown" tare da OEMs, neman narkar da wasu daga cikin matsa lamba a kasa.

Don mataki na uku da na hudubaturikamfanoni masu ƙananan girma da ƙarancin ƙarfin kuɗi, har ma ya fi wahala.Suna gab da fuskantar yanayi mai ban kunya cewa ba za su iya samun kayan ba kuma ba za su iya samar da oda ba.

Koyaya, hatta kamfanonin batir ɗin da ke da babban sikeli da ƙarfin ciniki mai ƙarfi ba za su iya daidaita saurin haɓakar farashin albarkatun ƙasa ba saboda makullin farashinsu na dogon lokaci da damar kulle albarkatun ƙasa.Farashin batura shima ya karu zuwa wani matsayi.Misali, BYD ya sanar tun a watan Nuwambar bara cewa ya kamata a kara farashin wasu kayayyakin batir da bai gaza kasa da 20% ba.

A halin yanzu, hauhawar farashin batir ya tashi daga dijital da ƙaramin ƙarfi zuwa wuta damakamashi ajiya, kuma kamfanoni na biyu da na uku sun ci gaba zuwa manyan kamfanoni, kuma an mika su gaba daya zuwa kasuwannin kasa da kasa har ma da tasha.

Fuskantar sabon zagaye na hauhawar farashin, dukkan sassan masana'antu na sabbin motocin makamashi suna aiki tuƙuru don bincika ra'ayoyin rage farashi da dabarun magance don rage tasirin da tabbatar da ci gaba da sauri na sabbin masana'antar motocin makamashi.

A cikin fuskantar yaduwar hauhawar farashin, abu mafi mahimmanci ga OEMs shine ba shakka don haɓaka haɓakar farashin farashi a cikin kowane nau'i, gami da haɓaka sabbin fasahohi tare da kamfanonin batir, haɓaka alamun fasaha na samfur, ƙirƙirar gasa bambanta, da haɓaka gabaɗayan gasa. na kasuwar samfur, da dai sauransu.

Bugu da ƙari, wasu OEMs sun zaɓi ɗaukar himma don rage ƙaddamar da sabbin samfura, don rage hasara, la'akari da rayayye rage samarwa da tallace-tallace na samfuran tare da hasara mai tsanani, a maimakon haka suna haɓaka ƙirar tsakiyar-zuwa-ƙarshen tare da haɓaka ƙirar ƙira. babban hankali da mafi kyawun riba.

Misali, dabarar kamfanin mota ba shine don kara farashin kayan masarufi ba, a’a, sai dai a mayar da kayayyakin da aka zaba masu hankali zuwa na’urori na yau da kullun, ta yadda za a rage matsi na hauhawar farashi da rage juriyar masu amfani ga karuwar farashin.

Ga wasu OEM-aji na A00, dabarun su sun bambanta.Misali, Babban Wall's A00-class mafi kyawun siyarwar Black Cat da White Cat sun ɗauki matakin dakatar da oda.Wani OEM mai matakin A00 ya ce a nan gaba, yana iya yin watsi da tallafin da son rai, rage samfur.baturimatsayi na rayuwa da samfur, da adana tallace-tallace ta hanyar alamar Hongguang Mini EV.

Ga kamfanonin batir, ya kamata a yi duk ƙoƙarin don rage farashin cikin gida da haɓaka aiki.Wasu kamfanonin batir sun yarda cewa babu wuri mai yawa don rage farashi a fasahar samfur, kuma yadda za a inganta ingantaccen samarwa da inganci ya zama mabuɗin;a lokaci guda, maye gurbin cikin gida a cikin ƙananan buƙatun kwakwalwan kwamfuta da sauran fannoni kuma suna haɓaka.

Gabaɗaya, farashin albarkatun ƙasa yana ci gaba da tashi, da hauhawar farashinbaturan wutakarshe ne.Baturi mai ƙarfia hankali kamfanoni su karya dangantakar saye da siyarwa mai sauƙi a baya, ƙirƙirar sabon nau'in haɗin gwiwa, aiwatar da haɗin gwiwar dabarun a cikin babban ma'auni kuma a cikin zurfin zurfi, haɓaka haɓakar haɗin gwiwa na tsarin samar da kayayyaki, da sake fasalin sabon tsarin samar da kayayyaki. abin koyi.

Dangane da dabarun albarkatun ƙasa, kamfanonin batir ɗin wutar lantarki suma suna haɓaka dabarun kulle albarkatun ƙasa.Ta hanyar sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar garantin wadata tare da masu kaya, saka hannun jari a cikin hannun jari, kafa kamfanonin hadin gwiwa, da kuma binciko sabbin masu samar da kayayyaki, shiga cikin sayan kayan albarkatun kasa, shimfidar albarkatun ma'adinai, da tsarin sake sarrafa batir, da haɓaka gasa ga sarkar samar da kamfani gabaɗaya. .